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The purpose of this article is to consider the general causes and conditions of the emergence of the early proto-state authority – the institution of the military leader, which arise from the organizational features of the primary types of ethnic community inherent in the post-modern society – family, clan, phratry, lineage, and finally, tribal and intertribal unions. This is accompanied by a review of the administrative-organizational and political-management processes that took place in them. The crisis of manageability in them at the last stage of their existence led to a deep transformation of the object of management (tribal community) and the loss of the power of the governing subject. The way out of that was the creation of a permanent government body within the tribe, which was based not on the local (communal-tribal) principle, but on the territorial principle. The socio-economic and political processes of the era of the late tribal system determined the situation when an institution of a military leader could only be such a body.
family, clan, lineage, phratry, tribe, chief, leaderism, chiefdom
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